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Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition

Received: 10 July 2023     Accepted: 24 July 2023     Published: 13 September 2023
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Abstract

Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl-1 FeSO4, NiSO4.7H2O (0.00 gl-1, 14.04 gl-1, 28.08 gl-1, 42.12 gl-1) and 15.4 gl-1 H3BO3 as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.

Published in Science Development (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
Page(s) 42-48
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Electrodeposition, Nickel, X-Ray Diffraction, Cu-Ni Alloys, Mild Steel Substrate

References
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Cite This Article
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    Abbas Ayoub, Naseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman, Muhammad Abbas. (2023). Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Science Development, 4(3), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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    ACS Style

    Abbas Ayoub; Naseeb Ahmad; Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman; Muhammad Abbas. Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Sci. Dev. 2023, 4(3), 42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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    AMA Style

    Abbas Ayoub, Naseeb Ahmad, Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman, Muhammad Abbas. Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition. Sci Dev. 2023;4(3):42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12,
      author = {Abbas Ayoub and Naseeb Ahmad and Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman and Muhammad Abbas},
      title = {Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition},
      journal = {Science Development},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {42-48},
      doi = {10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.scidev.20230403.12},
      abstract = {Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl-1 FeSO4, NiSO4.7H2O (0.00 gl-1, 14.04 gl-1, 28.08 gl-1, 42.12 gl-1) and 15.4 gl-1 H3BO3 as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Ni Concentration in Cu-Fe-Ni Alloys Coating on Mild Steel Substrate Prepared by Electrochemical Deposition
    AU  - Abbas Ayoub
    AU  - Naseeb Ahmad
    AU  - Muhammad Haseeb-U-Rehman
    AU  - Muhammad Abbas
    Y1  - 2023/09/13
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
    T2  - Science Development
    JF  - Science Development
    JO  - Science Development
    SP  - 42
    EP  - 48
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2994-7154
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20230403.12
    AB  - Mild steel has applications in construction, mechanical engineering, general-purpose fabrication, fencing, furniture components for different shapes, and other industries. Cu-Fe-Ni alloy coating with different concentrations of Ni was produced on low carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition in this research. Electrochemical deposition (also known as electrodeposition) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the preparation of adherent metallic coatings used to improve the different properties of the base material. The electrolytic bath contained the 31.92 gl-1 CuSO4, 54.2 gl-1 FeSO4, NiSO4.7H2O (0.00 gl-1, 14.04 gl-1, 28.08 gl-1, 42.12 gl-1) and 15.4 gl-1 H3BO3 as buffer to maintain pH at 3. The electrodeposition is done at suitable deposition parameters. The effect of Ni concentration on the surface morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of the coating was revealed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis with a 45 kV accelerating voltage and a 40 mA current, and Vicker hardness tester respectively. Obtained results showed that with the increase in Ni content, grain size increases from 65.898 nm to 94.770 nm and elongation decreases from 39.780% to 37.033% while the mechanical properties increase. The thickness of deposited Cu-Fe-Ni alloys has a decreasing trend of thickness with increasing Ni contents. The coating thickness decreased from 82.73 μm to 34.98 μm.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

  • Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

  • Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

  • Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

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