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Driving Factors Aggravate the Incidence and Severity of Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix Be & Br.) in Ethiopia

Received: 9 May 2022     Accepted: 6 June 2022     Published: 5 July 2022
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Abstract

Driving factors aggravating coffee leaf rust caused by biotrophic fungus Hemileiavastatrix Be & Br. was critically assessed and examined in 406 sample coffee farms from 27 districts, nine zones across major coffee growing two regions (Oromia and SNNPR) of Ethiopia. All associated environmental and soil factors were noted carefully from each plot. Univariate analysis as of linear mixed model was fitted separately to each variables for testing the effect of categorical factors as fixed effects tested individually in the model. A linear regression model was fitted to data on the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to identify individuals with similar profile and the associations between categorical variables. Based on the study, CLR is widely distributed all over coffee growing areas of the country with varying intensities. There was a highly significant (p < 0.001) and negative correlation between altitude, management practice and shade level with CLR intensity. Moreover, there is highly significant (p < 0.001) and positive correlation between coffee production systems and coffee cultivars with disease intensity. Based on the study number of factors affect the disease epidemics, such as climate change effect of high temperature, lack of known durable resistant coffee varieties, lack of disease management practice and lack of recommended fungicide application. This empirical evidence shows that CLR was an upsurge and interacting with number of factores and will be remains a major challenge to Arabica coffee production in Ethiopia.

Published in Science Development (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.scidev.20220303.11
Page(s) 80-87
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ethiopia, Driving Factors, Hemileia vastatrix, Incidence, Severity

References
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[3] CSA. 2018. Central statistics authority of Ethiopia, key findings of the 2017/2018 agricultural sample surveys, Available from: http://www.csa.gov.et/ Accessed on July 28, 2019.
[4] Kifle B., Demelash T. and Gabisa G., 2015. Screening of some Coffee arabica Genotypes against Coffee Wilt Diseases (Gibberellaxylarioidesheim and saccus) at Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. International Journal of Sustianable Agricultural Research. 2 (3): 66-76.
[5] Sylvain, P. G., 1955. Some observations on Coffea arabica L. in Ethiopia, Turrialba, 5: 37-54.
[6] Meseret, W., 1991. Epidemiology and resistance of coffee leaf rust in Ethiopia. Ministry of Coffee and Tea Development. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[7] Eskes, A. B., 1989. Coffee rust: Epidemiology, Resistance and Management. pp. 171-291. In: A. C. Kushalappa and A. B. Eskes, (eds.). CRC Press Inc., Florida.
[8] Challa Jafuka. 2009. Coffee leaf rust in Forest Coffee Populations and the reaction of Some Collections to the Diseases in Southwesten Ethiopia. MSc thesis; Haromaia Universty. PP 107.
[9] Meseret W., Mengistu, H. and C. J. Jr., Rodrigues, 1987. Distribution of races of HemileiavastatrixB. and Br. and physiologic resistance groups of Coffea arabica L. in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Agricultural Science, 9 (1): 25-38.
[10] Van der Vossen, H. A. M. 2009. The cup quality of disease-resistant cultivars of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica). Experimental Agriculture, 45 (3), 323–332.
[11] Chala J., Chemeda F., Girma A. and Holger H. 2010. Coffee Leaf Rust Epidemics (Hemileiavastatrix) in Montane Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Forests in Southwestern Ethiopia. East African Journal of Sciences. 4 (2): Pp 86-95.
[12] Weyessa, Garedew, Fikre, Lemessa and Pinard, Fabrice. 2016. Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileiavastatrix Berk. & Br) Dynamics In Southwestern Ethiopia. The proceeding of 26th International Conference on Coffee Science, November 13-19, Kunming, China, PP 382.
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[17] Zambolim, L. 2016. Current status and management of coffee leaf rust in Brazil. Tropical Plant Pathology, 41: 1-8.
[18] Eshetu, D., Teame G., and Girma A., 2000. Significance of minor coffee diseases of Coffea arabica L. in Ethiopia; a review. pp. 58-64. Proceedings of the workshop on control of coffee berry disease in Ethiopia, 13-15 August 1999, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kifle Belachew Bekele. (2022). Driving Factors Aggravate the Incidence and Severity of Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix Be & Br.) in Ethiopia. Science Development, 3(3), 80-87. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20220303.11

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    ACS Style

    Kifle Belachew Bekele. Driving Factors Aggravate the Incidence and Severity of Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix Be & Br.) in Ethiopia. Sci. Dev. 2022, 3(3), 80-87. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20220303.11

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    AMA Style

    Kifle Belachew Bekele. Driving Factors Aggravate the Incidence and Severity of Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix Be & Br.) in Ethiopia. Sci Dev. 2022;3(3):80-87. doi: 10.11648/j.scidev.20220303.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.scidev.20220303.11,
      author = {Kifle Belachew Bekele},
      title = {Driving Factors Aggravate the Incidence and Severity of Coffee Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix Be & Br.) in Ethiopia},
      journal = {Science Development},
      volume = {3},
      number = {3},
      pages = {80-87},
      doi = {10.11648/j.scidev.20220303.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scidev.20220303.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.scidev.20220303.11},
      abstract = {Driving factors aggravating coffee leaf rust caused by biotrophic fungus Hemileiavastatrix Be & Br. was critically assessed and examined in 406 sample coffee farms from 27 districts, nine zones across major coffee growing two regions (Oromia and SNNPR) of Ethiopia. All associated environmental and soil factors were noted carefully from each plot. Univariate analysis as of linear mixed model was fitted separately to each variables for testing the effect of categorical factors as fixed effects tested individually in the model. A linear regression model was fitted to data on the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to identify individuals with similar profile and the associations between categorical variables. Based on the study, CLR is widely distributed all over coffee growing areas of the country with varying intensities. There was a highly significant (p < 0.001) and negative correlation between altitude, management practice and shade level with CLR intensity. Moreover, there is highly significant (p < 0.001) and positive correlation between coffee production systems and coffee cultivars with disease intensity. Based on the study number of factors affect the disease epidemics, such as climate change effect of high temperature, lack of known durable resistant coffee varieties, lack of disease management practice and lack of recommended fungicide application. This empirical evidence shows that CLR was an upsurge and interacting with number of factores and will be remains a major challenge to Arabica coffee production in Ethiopia.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    Y1  - 2022/07/05
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    AB  - Driving factors aggravating coffee leaf rust caused by biotrophic fungus Hemileiavastatrix Be & Br. was critically assessed and examined in 406 sample coffee farms from 27 districts, nine zones across major coffee growing two regions (Oromia and SNNPR) of Ethiopia. All associated environmental and soil factors were noted carefully from each plot. Univariate analysis as of linear mixed model was fitted separately to each variables for testing the effect of categorical factors as fixed effects tested individually in the model. A linear regression model was fitted to data on the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to identify individuals with similar profile and the associations between categorical variables. Based on the study, CLR is widely distributed all over coffee growing areas of the country with varying intensities. There was a highly significant (p < 0.001) and negative correlation between altitude, management practice and shade level with CLR intensity. Moreover, there is highly significant (p < 0.001) and positive correlation between coffee production systems and coffee cultivars with disease intensity. Based on the study number of factors affect the disease epidemics, such as climate change effect of high temperature, lack of known durable resistant coffee varieties, lack of disease management practice and lack of recommended fungicide application. This empirical evidence shows that CLR was an upsurge and interacting with number of factores and will be remains a major challenge to Arabica coffee production in Ethiopia.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 3
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Author Information
  • Phytopathology Research Section, Jimma Agricultural Research Centre, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Jimma, Ethiopia

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