In this contribution, we intend to review the way in which personality is typified and represented through the centuries in arts, literature, and science. The scope ranges from primitive paintings in the Middle Ages to reports made by means of questionnaires developed by psychological scientists. During the centuries, the leadership temperament has been shifted from the choleric toward the sanguine temperament. The resulting extraverted character and personality have come into the picture and thus, have raised new problems for explication and interpretation. Further, there is a remarkable similarity between the medieval representation of the four temperaments and trait dimensions in recent neurophysiological and biological research. In contrast, the questionnaires show a stepwise development of increasing negligence of elements of the impulsive personality, or, in medieval terms, the choleric temperament. This tendency in mainstream personality test design is criticized by some researchers. In this article, we suggest that this development is caused by a romantic hankering after an ideal of leadership. There is a symbolic layer in the verbal reasoning through which the steps to impulsivity-free personality representations have been made. Surprisingly, this tendency is absent in a personality representation derived from adjectives in the English language. Finally, we raise the question of whether it is sensible to shut our eyes for the presence of the choleric temperament in our contemporary society.
| Published in | International Journal of Literature and Arts (Volume 9, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15 |
| Page(s) | 79-93 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Leadership Romanticism, Heroism, Temperaments in Arts, Personality Research, Individual Differences, Impulsivity, Extraversion
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APA Style
Hendrik Marten Koolma, Adila van Dreven. (2021). Representation of the Impulsive Temperament in Arts, Literature and Science: From the Middle Ages to the Present. International Journal of Literature and Arts, 9(2), 79-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15
ACS Style
Hendrik Marten Koolma; Adila van Dreven. Representation of the Impulsive Temperament in Arts, Literature and Science: From the Middle Ages to the Present. Int. J. Lit. Arts 2021, 9(2), 79-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15
AMA Style
Hendrik Marten Koolma, Adila van Dreven. Representation of the Impulsive Temperament in Arts, Literature and Science: From the Middle Ages to the Present. Int J Lit Arts. 2021;9(2):79-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15,
author = {Hendrik Marten Koolma and Adila van Dreven},
title = {Representation of the Impulsive Temperament in Arts, Literature and Science: From the Middle Ages to the Present},
journal = {International Journal of Literature and Arts},
volume = {9},
number = {2},
pages = {79-93},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijla.20210902.15},
abstract = {In this contribution, we intend to review the way in which personality is typified and represented through the centuries in arts, literature, and science. The scope ranges from primitive paintings in the Middle Ages to reports made by means of questionnaires developed by psychological scientists. During the centuries, the leadership temperament has been shifted from the choleric toward the sanguine temperament. The resulting extraverted character and personality have come into the picture and thus, have raised new problems for explication and interpretation. Further, there is a remarkable similarity between the medieval representation of the four temperaments and trait dimensions in recent neurophysiological and biological research. In contrast, the questionnaires show a stepwise development of increasing negligence of elements of the impulsive personality, or, in medieval terms, the choleric temperament. This tendency in mainstream personality test design is criticized by some researchers. In this article, we suggest that this development is caused by a romantic hankering after an ideal of leadership. There is a symbolic layer in the verbal reasoning through which the steps to impulsivity-free personality representations have been made. Surprisingly, this tendency is absent in a personality representation derived from adjectives in the English language. Finally, we raise the question of whether it is sensible to shut our eyes for the presence of the choleric temperament in our contemporary society.},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Representation of the Impulsive Temperament in Arts, Literature and Science: From the Middle Ages to the Present AU - Hendrik Marten Koolma AU - Adila van Dreven Y1 - 2021/04/16 PY - 2021 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15 DO - 10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15 T2 - International Journal of Literature and Arts JF - International Journal of Literature and Arts JO - International Journal of Literature and Arts SP - 79 EP - 93 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2331-057X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20210902.15 AB - In this contribution, we intend to review the way in which personality is typified and represented through the centuries in arts, literature, and science. The scope ranges from primitive paintings in the Middle Ages to reports made by means of questionnaires developed by psychological scientists. During the centuries, the leadership temperament has been shifted from the choleric toward the sanguine temperament. The resulting extraverted character and personality have come into the picture and thus, have raised new problems for explication and interpretation. Further, there is a remarkable similarity between the medieval representation of the four temperaments and trait dimensions in recent neurophysiological and biological research. In contrast, the questionnaires show a stepwise development of increasing negligence of elements of the impulsive personality, or, in medieval terms, the choleric temperament. This tendency in mainstream personality test design is criticized by some researchers. In this article, we suggest that this development is caused by a romantic hankering after an ideal of leadership. There is a symbolic layer in the verbal reasoning through which the steps to impulsivity-free personality representations have been made. Surprisingly, this tendency is absent in a personality representation derived from adjectives in the English language. Finally, we raise the question of whether it is sensible to shut our eyes for the presence of the choleric temperament in our contemporary society. VL - 9 IS - 2 ER -
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